Tangerang is a city in the Province of
Banten, Indonesia. It is located about 20 km
west of Jakarta. It is the third largest
urban center in the Jabotabek region after
Jakarta and Bekasi. It has an area of
164.54 km˛ and an official intercensal
estimated population of 1,537,244 for 2005.
The Soekarno-Hatta International Airport is
located within the city.
Overview
Tangerang is an industrial and manufacturing hub on Java and is home to over 1,000 factories. Many international corporations have plants in the city. Tangerang tends to be hot and humid, with little in the way of trees or geographical features. Certain areas consist of swamps, including the areas near the Soekarno-Hatta International Airport.
In recent years the urban expansion of Jakarta has covered Tangerang, and as a result many of its residents commute to Jakarta for work, or vice-versa. Many high-class and middle-class satellite cities have been developed in Tangerang, complete with their own shopping malls, private schools and convenience centers. The government is working on expanding the highway system to accommodate more traffic flow to and from the area.
Demographics
Tangerang also has a significant community of Chinese Indonesians, many of whom are of Cina Benteng extraction. Benteng means 'fortress' in Indonesian. They were descended from laborers who were brought there by the Dutch colonials in the 18th and 19th centuries, and most of them are still laborers and farmers. They are culturally distinct from other Chinese communities in the area: while almost none speak any dialect of Chinese, they are culturally very strongly Daoist and maintain their own places of worship and community centers. They are ethnically mixed, yet identify themselves as Chinese. A large Chinese cemetery is also located in Tangerang, most of which are now developed into modern suburban communities such as Lippo Karawaci, Summarecon Gading Serpong, Bumi Serpong Damai, Bintaro Jaya, Modernland, and Alam Sutra.
Most of the Chinatown of Tangerang is located at Sewan, Pasar Lama, Pasar Baru, Benteng Makasar, Kapling, Karawaci (not Lippo Karawaci). One can find any food and all things Chinese there. Lippo Karawaci, Bintaro Jaya, Bumi Serpong Damai and Alam Sutra are new locations of residential places. A vast majority of the residents are newcomers, not genuine Benteng Chinese.
Infrastructure and Facility
There are two highway connections from Jakarta. Firstly, the Jakarta–Merak highway, which have three different exits points to Tangerang city. Secondly, Bumi Serpong Damai - Jakarta Outer Ringroad highway providing direct tol access from Tangerang, Jakarta, Bekasi, and Bogor. The feeder buses of Transjakarta serves commutter from Bumi Serpong Damai and Bintaro Jaya. KRL Jabotabek serves from Tangerang and Serpong to Jakarta Kota. Many shopping malls developed in Tangerang, such as Mal Summarecon Serpong, WTC Matahari, BSD Plaza, ITC BSD, Bintaro Plaza, and the biggest one, Supermal Karawaci. For the Indonesian A1 Grand Prix in November 2008, the government had developed Lippo Karawaci circuit.
Economy
Garuda Indonesia, the Indonesian national airline, is headquartered at the airport, located in Tangerang. Angkasa Pura II's head office is on the airport property.
History
On October 1945, Laskar Hitam, a Muslim militia was established in Tangerang. The goal of this movement was to establish an Islamic nation in Indonesia. This movement later became a part of DI/TII rebel group. On October 31, 1945, Laskar Hitam kidnapped Otto Iskandardinata, Republic of Indonesia's Minister of State. He persumably was murdered at Mauk beach, Tangerang on December 20, 1945.
After the declaration of Independence, there was chaos and racial riots in Tangerang. Anti-Chinese groups attacked a half blood Chinese community in Tangerang called "China Benteng" means "Chinese of the fortress" because they supported the Dutch government who tried to re-occupy Indonesia and also because there's a pro-Dutch Chinese organization ruling in Tangerang named Chung Hua Hui and their military wing named Bao An Dui. The Bao An Dui troops and regional Bentengese Landlords troops work together to counter the Republicans loyal to Republic of Indonesia regime and also the Darul Islam. The goal of Bao An Dui and her allies are creating a Dutch-supported state in Tangerang named "Capitanate of Tangerang" led by a Chinese capitant. China Benteng has a unique story, it is a half blood chinese community in Tangerang, mixed of Chinese, Dutch, Japanese, and Indonesian natives. Many of "China Benteng" are actually descendant of Qing Dynasty Imperial Family (Aisin-Giorio in Manchu or Aixinjueluo in Mandarin). They are the Bentengse with surname "Ong". They are descendants of an illegitimate son of an affair between Emperor Qianlong and a beautiful Fujianese girl with surname "Ong" from Fujian province. Because the Emperor don't want this affair known by public, so to hide the fact, the son of this affair is forced to use her mother's surname, that is "Wang" in mandarin or "Ong" in Hokkien. Majority of Bentengse from Ong surname now use Indonesian names in their daily life, like : Wangsa Mulya, Wangsamulia, or Wangsa Kusuma. Most of them don't understand about it, but this record is exist both in China and Taiwan. On August 1996, Walmart, the largest retail in USA opened its first branch in Lippo Karawaci, Tangerang. The branch was ransacked and burned down during the Indonesian riots of May 1998. Walmart discontinued their investment in Indonesia after the riot.
Situ Gintung Flood
Tangerang District is location of the Situ Gintung reservoir built by Dutch colonial authorities in 1933. It was surrounded by a dam up to 16 metres (52 ft) high, which failed on 27 March 2009 with the resulting floods killing at least 93 people. The flood could have been prevented had local authorities not neglected the recommendation of American engineers which recommended the reinforcement of the dam and possible evacuation of the lower villages located at the very bottom of the dam.
The Benteng Heritage Museum
Besides of Boen Tek Bio Temple, the Benteng Heritage Museum which built by Udaya who plans to open on the auspicious November 11, 2011 or 11/11/11 will enriched the Chinese heritage.
South Tangerang
South Tangerang is a city which, like Tangerang City itself, is administratively separate from Tangerang Regency. It has seven subdistricts are Serpong, North Serpong, Ciputat, East Ciputat, Pondok Aren, Pamulang, and Setu. Located on the southwest of Jakarta, it has an area of 147.19 square kilometres and a population of 966.037.
Education
Tangerang city provides educational facilities from kindergarten to college. In addition to government schools founded by there are many private schools and colleges. Among these are Sekolah Santa Ursula BSD, Santa Laurensia School, and Sekolah Menengah Atas Kristen Penabur Gading Serpong.
Transportation
Apart from using buses and public transport, there are several taxi companies operating in the city.
Air Conditioned public bus shuttle is available from the Airport to several destinations inside Jakarta. This is operated by Damri a state own Company.
There are also private shuttle bus services from Jakarta to private residential area such as Lippo Karawaci and Citra Raya.
There are 17 intersections prone to traffic congestion with the obsolete Multi Program Eight Phase System. By 2012, Tangerang will have a new technology, called the Intelligent Transport System (ITS) uses a closed-circuit camera that would respond to traffic conditions at any given intersection and could reduce the rate of congestion by 30 percent.
Overview
Tangerang is an industrial and manufacturing hub on Java and is home to over 1,000 factories. Many international corporations have plants in the city. Tangerang tends to be hot and humid, with little in the way of trees or geographical features. Certain areas consist of swamps, including the areas near the Soekarno-Hatta International Airport.
In recent years the urban expansion of Jakarta has covered Tangerang, and as a result many of its residents commute to Jakarta for work, or vice-versa. Many high-class and middle-class satellite cities have been developed in Tangerang, complete with their own shopping malls, private schools and convenience centers. The government is working on expanding the highway system to accommodate more traffic flow to and from the area.
Demographics
Tangerang also has a significant community of Chinese Indonesians, many of whom are of Cina Benteng extraction. Benteng means 'fortress' in Indonesian. They were descended from laborers who were brought there by the Dutch colonials in the 18th and 19th centuries, and most of them are still laborers and farmers. They are culturally distinct from other Chinese communities in the area: while almost none speak any dialect of Chinese, they are culturally very strongly Daoist and maintain their own places of worship and community centers. They are ethnically mixed, yet identify themselves as Chinese. A large Chinese cemetery is also located in Tangerang, most of which are now developed into modern suburban communities such as Lippo Karawaci, Summarecon Gading Serpong, Bumi Serpong Damai, Bintaro Jaya, Modernland, and Alam Sutra.
Most of the Chinatown of Tangerang is located at Sewan, Pasar Lama, Pasar Baru, Benteng Makasar, Kapling, Karawaci (not Lippo Karawaci). One can find any food and all things Chinese there. Lippo Karawaci, Bintaro Jaya, Bumi Serpong Damai and Alam Sutra are new locations of residential places. A vast majority of the residents are newcomers, not genuine Benteng Chinese.
Infrastructure and Facility
There are two highway connections from Jakarta. Firstly, the Jakarta–Merak highway, which have three different exits points to Tangerang city. Secondly, Bumi Serpong Damai - Jakarta Outer Ringroad highway providing direct tol access from Tangerang, Jakarta, Bekasi, and Bogor. The feeder buses of Transjakarta serves commutter from Bumi Serpong Damai and Bintaro Jaya. KRL Jabotabek serves from Tangerang and Serpong to Jakarta Kota. Many shopping malls developed in Tangerang, such as Mal Summarecon Serpong, WTC Matahari, BSD Plaza, ITC BSD, Bintaro Plaza, and the biggest one, Supermal Karawaci. For the Indonesian A1 Grand Prix in November 2008, the government had developed Lippo Karawaci circuit.
Economy
Garuda Indonesia, the Indonesian national airline, is headquartered at the airport, located in Tangerang. Angkasa Pura II's head office is on the airport property.
History
On October 1945, Laskar Hitam, a Muslim militia was established in Tangerang. The goal of this movement was to establish an Islamic nation in Indonesia. This movement later became a part of DI/TII rebel group. On October 31, 1945, Laskar Hitam kidnapped Otto Iskandardinata, Republic of Indonesia's Minister of State. He persumably was murdered at Mauk beach, Tangerang on December 20, 1945.
After the declaration of Independence, there was chaos and racial riots in Tangerang. Anti-Chinese groups attacked a half blood Chinese community in Tangerang called "China Benteng" means "Chinese of the fortress" because they supported the Dutch government who tried to re-occupy Indonesia and also because there's a pro-Dutch Chinese organization ruling in Tangerang named Chung Hua Hui and their military wing named Bao An Dui. The Bao An Dui troops and regional Bentengese Landlords troops work together to counter the Republicans loyal to Republic of Indonesia regime and also the Darul Islam. The goal of Bao An Dui and her allies are creating a Dutch-supported state in Tangerang named "Capitanate of Tangerang" led by a Chinese capitant. China Benteng has a unique story, it is a half blood chinese community in Tangerang, mixed of Chinese, Dutch, Japanese, and Indonesian natives. Many of "China Benteng" are actually descendant of Qing Dynasty Imperial Family (Aisin-Giorio in Manchu or Aixinjueluo in Mandarin). They are the Bentengse with surname "Ong". They are descendants of an illegitimate son of an affair between Emperor Qianlong and a beautiful Fujianese girl with surname "Ong" from Fujian province. Because the Emperor don't want this affair known by public, so to hide the fact, the son of this affair is forced to use her mother's surname, that is "Wang" in mandarin or "Ong" in Hokkien. Majority of Bentengse from Ong surname now use Indonesian names in their daily life, like : Wangsa Mulya, Wangsamulia, or Wangsa Kusuma. Most of them don't understand about it, but this record is exist both in China and Taiwan. On August 1996, Walmart, the largest retail in USA opened its first branch in Lippo Karawaci, Tangerang. The branch was ransacked and burned down during the Indonesian riots of May 1998. Walmart discontinued their investment in Indonesia after the riot.
Situ Gintung Flood
Tangerang District is location of the Situ Gintung reservoir built by Dutch colonial authorities in 1933. It was surrounded by a dam up to 16 metres (52 ft) high, which failed on 27 March 2009 with the resulting floods killing at least 93 people. The flood could have been prevented had local authorities not neglected the recommendation of American engineers which recommended the reinforcement of the dam and possible evacuation of the lower villages located at the very bottom of the dam.
The Benteng Heritage Museum
Besides of Boen Tek Bio Temple, the Benteng Heritage Museum which built by Udaya who plans to open on the auspicious November 11, 2011 or 11/11/11 will enriched the Chinese heritage.
South Tangerang
South Tangerang is a city which, like Tangerang City itself, is administratively separate from Tangerang Regency. It has seven subdistricts are Serpong, North Serpong, Ciputat, East Ciputat, Pondok Aren, Pamulang, and Setu. Located on the southwest of Jakarta, it has an area of 147.19 square kilometres and a population of 966.037.
Education
Tangerang city provides educational facilities from kindergarten to college. In addition to government schools founded by there are many private schools and colleges. Among these are Sekolah Santa Ursula BSD, Santa Laurensia School, and Sekolah Menengah Atas Kristen Penabur Gading Serpong.
Transportation
Apart from using buses and public transport, there are several taxi companies operating in the city.
Air Conditioned public bus shuttle is available from the Airport to several destinations inside Jakarta. This is operated by Damri a state own Company.
There are also private shuttle bus services from Jakarta to private residential area such as Lippo Karawaci and Citra Raya.
There are 17 intersections prone to traffic congestion with the obsolete Multi Program Eight Phase System. By 2012, Tangerang will have a new technology, called the Intelligent Transport System (ITS) uses a closed-circuit camera that would respond to traffic conditions at any given intersection and could reduce the rate of congestion by 30 percent.
